What does Solar PV technology do?

The correct answer highlights that Solar PV (Photovoltaic) technology specifically converts sunlight into electricity. This process occurs through the use of solar panels made up of many solar cells that contain semiconductor materials. When sunlight strikes the solar cells, it excites the electrons, generating an electric current. This electricity can either be used immediately for electrical needs or can be stored for later use, demonstrating the efficiency of solar energy harnessing.

The other options describe different functionalities that are not applicable to Solar PV technology. Storing solar energy for later use typically refers to battery technologies rather than the PV cells themselves, while converting sunlight into heat pertains to solar thermal technology, which uses the sun's energy to heat a liquid for various applications. Utilizing solar energy for transport may involve electric vehicles powered by solar-generated electricity but does not directly relate to the fundamental function of Solar PV technology, which is to generate electrical power from sunlight.