What does the term "decarbonisation" refer to in the context of sustainability?

The term "decarbonisation" specifically refers to the process of reducing carbon emissions associated with energy and other sectors. This includes planning and implementing strategies to minimize the carbon footprint by either using cleaner energy sources, enhancing energy efficiency, or transitioning away from fossil fuels to alternatives like renewable energy. The ultimate goal of decarbonisation is to mitigate climate change by reducing the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere, aligning with global efforts to achieve sustainability.

Options such as increasing carbon emissions, which is directly contrary to the concept of sustainability, capturing carbon dioxide, while related to efforts to manage carbon output, is only one aspect of a broader strategy, and implementing carbon-neutral policies, although beneficial, is a result of the decarbonisation process rather than a definition of it. Thus, the focus on the active process of reducing emissions is what makes the chosen answer appropriate in discussing decarbonisation within sustainability.